INSULIN (FASTING)

Overview

Insulin is a hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. It regulates the uptake and utilization of glucose and is also involved in protein synthesis and triglyceride storage. Type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent diabetes) is caused by insulin deficiency due to destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic islet (beta) cells. Type 2 diabetes (noninsulin-dependent diabetes) is characterized by resistance to the action of insulin (insulin resistance). Insulin levels may be increased in patients with pancreatic beta cell tumors (insulinoma). Ref. value: 2.6-24.9 mcIU/mL