Bordetella causes acute infection of the respiratory tract commonly manifesting as Pertussis / Whooping cough. Of the 10 identified species of Bordetella, only 4 species are of major medical significance. B. pertussis leads to violent cough whereas B. parapertussis causes a milder infection. It is a highly communicable disease and an important cause of infant mortality & morbidity. Active immunization has been able to reduce the incidence of Pertussis.