Early Signs of Brain Tumor & Tips to Minimize the Risk

A brain tumor develops when neurons undergo certain mutations, forming mass of abnormal cells. The two most common brain tumor types are glioma and meningioma, comprising approximately 75% of all brain tumors. The average age of the diagnosis of this tumor is 53 years. In India, the central nervous system tumors affect around 5 to 10 people out of 100,000 population and accounts for 2% of malignancies. Primary brain tumors have 100+ distinct types. Each type differs in its presentations, treatment options, and outcomes. More than any other type of cancer, brain tumors have the potential to permanently affect a patient's physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Furthermore, despite years of research, the survival rate for brain cancer has not changed much in recent years, despite notable improvements in the survival rates of many other cancers.

According to a recent study, gliomas were more prevalent in workers who were concurrently exposed to pesticides, chemical solvents, or lead, and low-frequency electromagnetic fields. Several studies indicate the association of brain tumor development in adults with consumption of cured meat, fruit, and vegetables. The nitrite exposure has been responsible for such tumors. Cured meats are known to contain dietary N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) and their precursors which are known to be associated with higher risk of developing brain tumors. A recent study indicates that intake of fresh vegetables, fruits, and Vitamin A may help in reducing its risk of developing brain tumors. 

Therefore, by modifying our dietary habits and lifestyle we can reduce the risk of developing brain tumors to a great extent. Moreover, if a person is at risk of developing brain tumors, particularly due to positive family history from first-degree biological relatives (sibling or parent), they must go for regular checkups & screenings. This is because early intervention increases the chances of recovery and survival.

What is Brain Tumor?

A brain tumor develops when there occurs abnormal growth and multiplication of certain cells that leads to the formation of mass of cells in the brain or surrounding structures. Central nervous system (CNS) tumors refer to both brain and spinal tumors combined. Brain tumors may present as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Certain tumors grow slowly, while others grow rapidly.

A mere one-third of brain tumors are malignant. But whether or not they are malignant, brain tumors can affect your health and how well your brain functions if they get big enough to press on nearby blood vessels, nerves, and tissue. Primary tumors are those that originate inside the brain. Secondary tumors, also referred to as metastatic brain tumors, are tumors that have progressed to the brain from another area of the body.

Early Signs of Brain Tumor

Symptoms of brain tumor vary according to its location and size. Particularly in cases where the tumor is small, some patients don't show any symptoms. Following are the early signs of brain tumor in other cases:

• Headaches that may become more severe in the mornings or may make you wake you up at night
• Seizures
• Difficulty thinking/speaking/understanding language
• Personality alterations
• Weakness or paralysis in one part or side of the body
• Balance issues
• Dizziness
• Altered vision 
• Hearing problems
• Facial numbness or tingling
• Nausea 
• Vomiting
• Confusion 
• Disorientation

Risk Factors Behind Brain Tumor

Following are the factors that can enhance you risk of developing brain tumors:

• Advancing age, i.e. >65 years
• Genetic predisposition due to hereditary disorders or genetic syndromes
• Occupational hazards causing radiation exposure
• Stressful and sedentary lifestyle
• Consuming foods rich in N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) such as cured meats
• Excessive alcohol intake & tobacco use
• Men are at higher risk
• Excessive exposure to plastics and petroleum products
• Excessive intake of artificial sweetener aspartame
• Exposure to electromagnetic fields from power lines and transformers
• Certain viral infections

Tips to Minimize the Risk of Developing Brain Tumor

Following are certain tips that can help you to minimize risk of developing brain tumors:

• Maintaining a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains that is well-balanced is essential. Eliminating processed foods and sugars can significantly reduce the risk of cancer.
• Engaging in regular physical activity supports your overall cognitive functioning by enhancing blood flow to the brain and helping you maintain a healthy weight.
• Lowering alcohol consumption and giving up tobacco use are crucial steps in lowering the risk of many cancers, including brain tumors and other diseases affecting the central nervous system.
• Adequate ventilation and the use of air purifiers can help to reduce the amount of indoor pollution, particularly volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
• Selecting fish with lower mercury content, going with organic produce, and staying away from processed foods that are loaded with preservatives and additives can all help lower your risk of brain tumors.
• It is less likely that you will come into contact with potentially hazardous chemicals like bisphenol A (BPA) when you use glass or stainless-steel containers instead of plastic ones.
• It is advisable to prioritize natural and organic personal care products over household cleaners that contain harmful chemicals like parabens and phthalates.
• The fact that brain tumors may not initially exhibit any obvious symptoms highlights the importance of routine exams in identifying any potential warning indicators.
• Maintaining open and transparent communication with your doctor enables for possible lifestyle modifications and undergo a comprehensive evaluation of your individual risk factors.
• Regular monitoring & testing enables the evaluation of the effectiveness of any preventive measures that have already been taken, offering an opportunity for immediate adjustments.

Also, read: Preventing Breast Cancer begins with Early Detection

Conclusion

Knowing that you have a brain tumor can be frightening and distressing. However, not all brain tumors are malignant; in fact, roughly two thirds are benign. They may still, though, lead to cognitive issues. You can be confident that your medical team will create a personalized, comprehensive treatment plan to help get rid of the tumor and enhance your quality of life.

FAQs

Q1: When did you first notice that you had a brain tumor?
A: Speech abnormalities (difficulty forming words, talking, incapacity to articulate ideas or comprehend language), alterations in hearing, smell, or vision, including double or fuzzy vision, and loss of coordination or balance. Modification in the senses of pressure, heat, cold, light touch, and sharp objects.

Q2: What exercises are good for brain tumor patients?
A: Try low-impact activities that range from mild to moderate, like swimming, gardening, or walking. There are plenty of exercises you can do at home if you're feeling nervous about going outside.