This is a useful test for Prenatal screening for Open Neural Tube defects. Measurement of maternal serum AFP is a standard tool used in obstetrical care to identify pregnancies that may have an increased risk for NTD.This is also a useful assay for follow up management of patients undergoing cancer therapy specially for testicular tumors, ovarian tumors and Hepatocellular carcinoma. It is often used in conjunction with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG) test.